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CONDITIONS

Neuromuscular Scoliosis

Neuromuscular scoliosis is one of the three primary types of scoliosis, resulting in an irregular curvature of the spine. It is the second most prevalent form and often correlates with nervous or muscular system disorders like cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or other conditions that may prevent ambulation.

This type of scoliosis is driven by weakened, spastic, or paralyzed muscles. As these muscles fail to provide proper support to the back, the spine may develop an abnormal curve during growth. Understanding the implications of neuromuscular scoliosis and its underlying causes is crucial in managing this condition effectively.

Symptoms & Diagnosis

Neuromuscular scoliosis typically manifests in childhood when associated with a developmental etiology; it is often accompanied by noticeable changes in body position or difficulty sitting. If associated with a paralytic condition occurring later in life it may manifest after a few years of inability to walk. Signs of neuromuscular scoliosis include:

  • Leaning or uneven seating posture
  • Using arms for seating support
  • Uneven shoulder heights
  • Head off center from the rest of the body
  • Uneven hips or buttocks
  • Uneven shoulder blades
  • Arms hanging unevenly

X-ray images are typically enough to determine the presence of neuromuscular scoliosis. To identify the underlying cause, a doctor may also order additional tests, such as an MRI, CT scan, and electromyography (EMG), among others.

Treatment

Treatment for neuromuscular scoliosis is often complex and aims to address the spinal curvature in the context of the underlying neuromuscular disorder. The approach may involve a combination of conservative measures and, in some cases, surgical intervention.

Conservative management
  • Bracing While bracing will not correct the curve, braces may be recommended to provide external support to the spine, helping to manage curve progression.
  • Physical therapy Often playing a crucial role in managing neuromuscular scoliosis, exercises can be tailored to strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and promote overall spinal health. Physical therapists work with patients to address certain neuromuscular issues and enhance postural control.
  • Mobility aids and assistive devices Depending on the severity of the neuromuscular condition, mobility aids such as wheelchairs or other assistive devices may be recommended to improve daily functioning and prevent additional stress on the spine.
Surgical intervention
  • Spinal fusion Spinal fusion surgery is the most common treatment for neuromuscular scoliosis. Through the use of metal rods, hooks, screws, and other instrumentation, this procedure is used to join several vertebrae together, straightening the spine and solidifying the bones. This results in the correction of abnormal curves. The goals of spinal fusion are to stabilize the curve, prevent its progression, restore balance to the spine and pelvis, and improve the ability to sit upright without the use of the patient’s arms for balance support.
The outlook for a patient with neuromuscular scoliosis depends less on their scoliosis and more on the nature, severity, and overall impact of their neuromuscular disease. Working closely with other specialists, Dr. Avramis treats all types of scoliosis and other spine conditions. With successful spine surgery and proper post-operative care, Dr. Avramis aims to improve each patient’s condition while also providing them with a more engaging path toward recovery and overall well-being.
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Our team at Avramis Spine & Scoliosis is here to help. To request an appointment or for any other inquiries, please fill out the form.

GET IN TOUCH

Contact

Our team at Avramis Spine & Scoliosis is here to help. To request an appointment or for any other inquiries, please fill out the form.