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CONDITIONS

Adult Scoliosis

Scoliosis is an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine that can occur in children and adults. While most commonly diagnosed during youth, scoliosis can also affect adults. Adult scoliosis can cause pain, reduced flexibility, and even breathing problems in severe cases. Adult scoliosis is typically categorized into two main types:

  • Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis: Individuals with this type of scoliosis have had the condition since childhood or adolescence and carried it into adulthood. While the exact cause of idiopathic scoliosis remains unknown, extensive genetic research is ongoing.
  • Adult "De Novo" or Degenerative Scoliosis: This form of scoliosis emerges in adulthood due to disc degeneration. As the discs degenerate and lose height, tilting may occur if one side degenerates more rapidly. This tilt exerts unequal pressure on the spine, leading to bending and curving.

Symptoms

Adult scoliosis symptoms can vary depending on the severity of the curve and individual factors, but here are some common:

  • Back pain This is the most frequent symptom and can range from a dull ache to a sharp pain. It may worsen with activity or certain positions.
  • Stiffness Reduced flexibility in the spine can limit movement and make bending or twisting difficult.
  • Uneven posture This can manifest as visible differences in shoulder height, hip alignment, or a rib prominence on one side of the back.
  • Noticeable leaning The body may compensate for the curvature by leaning to one side.
  • Breathing problems (severe cases) In severe curvatures, the ribcage can become compressed, affecting lung function and causing shortness of breath.

It’s important to note that not everyone with adult scoliosis will experience all of these symptoms. Some people may have a mild curve and experience no pain or limitations.

Diagnosis

Adult scoliosis diagnosis often starts when someone seeks treatment for back pain. The diagnostic process typically involves a two-step approach:

  • Physical Examination Your doctor will review your medical history, including any back pain or limitations you experience. They will also visually assess your posture while standing and may ask you to bend forward (similar to reaching for your toes). This helps them identify any asymmetry in your back, ribs, and shoulders.
  • Imaging Tests X-rays are the primary diagnostic tool for adult scoliosis. These images allow the doctor to determine the location, shape (C or S curve), and severity (measured by the Cobb angle) of the curvature. In rare cases, an MRI scan may be recommended if your doctor suspects an underlying condition causing your scoliosis.

Treatment

Unlike scoliosis in children, which often focuses on preventing curve progression, treatment for adult scoliosis aims to manage pain, improve function, and prevent further worsening of the curvature. Here’s a breakdown of the most common treatment approaches:

Non-surgical options
  • Pain medication Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage mild to moderate pain. In some cases, stronger prescription pain medication might be necessary.
  • Physical therapy A personalized exercise program prescribed by a physical therapist can strengthen core muscles, improve flexibility, and enhance posture.
  • Bracing While less common in adults compared to children, specially designed braces can sometimes be used to provide support, improve posture, and potentially slow curve progression.
  • Lifestyle modifications Maintaining a healthy weight, practicing good posture, and using ergonomic furniture can all help reduce stress on the spine and alleviate discomfort.
Surgical intervention (considered for severe cases)
  • Spinal fusion Two bones in the spine, called vertebrae, are fused together so they can’t move separately. Bonelike material or bone grafts are placed between the two vertebrae while the two bones fuse. This is the most common scoliosis surgery in adults.
The best course of action for adult scoliosis depends on various factors, including the severity of the curve, location, pain level, and individual needs. Dr. Avramis will consider these factors and discuss treatment options with you collaboratively to determine the most suitable approach for managing your scoliosis and improving your quality of life.
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Our team at Avramis Spine & Scoliosis is here to help. To request an appointment or for any other inquiries, please fill out the form.

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Contact

Our team at Avramis Spine & Scoliosis is here to help. To request an appointment or for any other inquiries, please fill out the form.